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What beforFilter(), beforeRender() and afterFilter() functions do in Controller?

What beforFilter(), beforeRender() and afterFilter() functions do in Controller?
beforeFilter() -This function is used to run before every action in the controller. Most of the programmer used to check valid session, user role and permissions.

beforeRender() - This function is used to called after controller action logic and before the view is rendered.

afterFilter() - This function is used to called after every controller action and after rendering is competed. It is the last controller method to run.

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